Viral spread refers to the process by which viruses are transmitted from one host to another within a population. This can occur through various means, such as direct contact, respiratory droplets, contaminated surfaces, and vectors like insects or animals. Studying viral spread involves investigating the mechanisms and dynamics of how viruses are transmitted, as well as identifying factors that contribute to or mitigate transmission, such as host immunity, environmental conditions, and public health interventions. Understanding viral spread is crucial for controlling and preventing the spread of infectious diseases and outbreaks.